![]() Body Fluid Management: From Physiology to Therapy will serve as an invaluable decision-making guide, including for those who are not experts in the subject. In the second part of the monograph, these concepts are used to explain the advantages and disadvantages of solutions available on the market in different clinical settings. The book opens by discussing in detail the concepts central to a sound understanding of abnormalities in fluid and electrolyte homeostasis and the effect of intravenous fluid administration. There is another small compartment of fluid that is referred to as transcellular fluid. The extracellular fluid is divided into the interstitial fluid and the blood plasma. The purpose of this volume is to help the decision-making process by comparing different solution properties describing their indications, mechanisms of action and side-effects according to physiologic body water distribution, electrolytic and acid-base balance, and to clarify which products available on the market represent the best choice in different circumstances. BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS The total body fluid is distributed mainly between two compartments: the extracellular fluid and the intracellu-lar fluid (Figure 25-1). Estimates of the relative sizes of these two pools differ significantly, depending on the tracer used to measure the ECF volume, but most studies in animals and humans have indicated that 55 to 65 of TBW resides in the ICF, and 35 to 45 is in the ECF. ![]() The interstitial fluid (IF) is part of the extracellular fluid (ECF) between the cells. The international literature accordingly contains a vast number of works on fluid management, yet there is still confusion as to the best options in the various situations encountered in clinical practice. Total body water (TBW) is distributed between the intracellular fluid (ICF) and extracellular fluid (ECF) compartments. Figure 26.3 Fluid Compartments in the Human Body The intracellular fluid (ICF) is the fluid within cells. 6:1 ratio of water to solute Human normal value: 0. Intracellular Interstitial Plasma same proportion of solute X in smallest volume (plasma) vs largest volume (intracellular), e.g. The administration of intravenous fluids is one of the most common and important therapeutic practices in the treatment of surgical, medical and critically ill patients. Body Fluids Compartments have Different volumes, s ame osmolalities (total number of particles) Body fluid compartments are different sizes but same number of solutes to water needed.
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